C++ 指针数组
在我们讲解指针数组的概念之前,先让我们来看一个实例,它用到了一个由 3 个整数组成的数组:
实例
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int MAX = 3;
int main ()
{
int var[MAX] = {10, 100, 200};
for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
{
cout << "Value of var[" << i << "] = ";
cout << var[i] << endl;
}
return 0;
}
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int MAX = 3;
int main ()
{
int var[MAX] = {10, 100, 200};
for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
{
cout << "Value of var[" << i << "] = ";
cout << var[i] << endl;
}
return 0;
}
当上面的代码被编译和执行时,它会产生下列结果:
Value of var[0] = 10
Value of var[1] = 100
Value of var[2] = 200
可能有一种情况,我们想要让数组存储指向 int 或 char 或其他数据类型的指针。下面是一个指向整数的指针数组的声明:
int *ptr[MAX];
在这里,把 ptr 声明为一个数组,由 MAX 个整数指针组成。因此,ptr 中的每个元素,都是一个指向 int 值的指针。下面的实例用到了三个整数,它们将存储在一个指针数组中,如下所示:
实例
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int MAX = 3;
int main ()
{
int var[MAX] = {10, 100, 200};
int *ptr[MAX];
for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
{
ptr[i] = &var[i]; // 赋值为整数的地址
}
for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
{
cout << "Value of var[" << i << "] = ";
cout << *ptr[i] << endl;
}
return 0;
}
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int MAX = 3;
int main ()
{
int var[MAX] = {10, 100, 200};
int *ptr[MAX];
for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
{
ptr[i] = &var[i]; // 赋值为整数的地址
}
for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
{
cout << "Value of var[" << i << "] = ";
cout << *ptr[i] << endl;
}
return 0;
}
当上面的代码被编译和执行时,它会产生下列结果:
Value of var[0] = 10
Value of var[1] = 100
Value of var[2] = 200
您也可以用一个指向字符的指针数组来存储一个字符串列表,如下:
实例
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int MAX = 4;
int main ()
{
const char *names[MAX] = {
"Zara Ali",
"Hina Ali",
"Nuha Ali",
"Sara Ali",
};
for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
{
cout << "Value of names[" << i << "] = ";
cout << names[i] << endl;
}
return 0;
}
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int MAX = 4;
int main ()
{
const char *names[MAX] = {
"Zara Ali",
"Hina Ali",
"Nuha Ali",
"Sara Ali",
};
for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
{
cout << "Value of names[" << i << "] = ";
cout << names[i] << endl;
}
return 0;
}
当上面的代码被编译和执行时,它会产生下列结果:
Value of names[0] = Zara Ali
Value of names[1] = Hina Ali
Value of names[2] = Nuha Ali
Value of names[3] = Sara Ali