最近公司要做一台nginx缓存服务器，为了使用高版本的nginx和公司业务要求，这里使用编译安装的方法进行nginx的安装。缓存服务器的配置会在下一篇文章中介绍。
下载安装包，这里下载的是1.16.1版本，更多版本去官网查看http://nginx.org/en/download.html，并解压：
[root@node4 ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.g
[root@node4 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz安装依赖包，这里用的是阿里的源，源地址为 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7Server/x86_64/：
[root@node4 ~]# yum -y install gcc pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel libxslt-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed编译安装：
[root@node4 ~]# cd /usr/nginx/
[root@node4 nginx]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg nginx-1.16.1
[root@node4 nginx]# cd nginx-1.16.1/ [root@node4 nginx-1.16.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/share/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic' --with-http_perl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_xslt_module --with-http_slice_module --add-module=/usr/local/ngx_cache_purge-2.3 --with-threads若编译时无法添加ngx_cache_purge模块，可以先将该模块下载下来，然后解压到相应的路径：
[root@node4 ~]# wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
[root@node4 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
[root@node4 ~]# tar zxf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz -C /usr/local添加完ngx_cache_purge模块后进行安装nginx：
[root@node4 nginx-1.16.1]# make && make install添加nginx用户：
[root@node4 nginx-1.16.1]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx创建缓存目录：
[root@node4 nginx-1.16.1]# mkdir -p /var/cache/nginx/client_temp启动nginx：
[root@node4 nginx-1.16.1]# cd /usr/sbin/
[root@node4 sbin]# ./nginx
[root@node4 sbin]# nginx检查：
[root@node4 sbin]# ./nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful查看nginx版本：
[root@node4 sbin]# ./nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.16.1将nginx加入到/etc/init.d/环境，这里我使用脚本实现配置，脚本文件为nginx，在/etc/init.d目录下，赋予执行权限：
[root@node4 sbin]# cd /etc/init.d
[root@node4 init.d]# vim nginx
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx Startup script for nginx
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# description: nginx is an HTTP and reverse proxy server
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: nginx
# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: start and stop nginx
### END INIT INFO
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
if [ -L $0 ]; then
initscript=`/bin/readlink -f $0`
else
initscript=$0
fi
sysconfig=`/bin/basename $initscript`
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/$sysconfig ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/$sysconfig
fi
nginx=${NGINX-/usr/sbin/nginx}
prog=`/bin/basename $nginx`
conffile=${CONFFILE-/etc/nginx/nginx.conf}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/nginx}
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/nginx.pid}
SLEEPMSEC=${SLEEPMSEC-200000}
UPGRADEWAITLOOPS=${UPGRADEWAITLOOPS-5}
RETVAL=0
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} ${nginx} -c ${conffile}
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog}
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog} -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
upgrade() {
oldbinpidfile=${pidfile}.oldbin
configtest -q || return
echo -n $"Starting new master $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog} -USR2
echo
for i in `/usr/bin/seq $UPGRADEWAITLOOPS`; do
/bin/usleep $SLEEPMSEC
if [ -f ${oldbinpidfile} -a -f ${pidfile} ]; then
echo -n $"Graceful shutdown of old $prog: "
killproc -p ${oldbinpidfile} ${prog} -QUIT
RETVAL=$?
echo
return
fi
done
echo $"Upgrade failed!"
RETVAL=1
}
configtest() {
if [ "$#" -ne 0 ] ; then
case "$1" in
-q)
FLAG=$1
;;
*)
;;
esac
shift
fi
${nginx} -t -c ${conffile} $FLAG
RETVAL=$?
return $RETVAL
}
rh_status() {
status -p ${pidfile} ${nginx}
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 && exit 0
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
status)
rh_status
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
configtest -q || exit $RETVAL
stop
start
;;
upgrade)
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 || exit 0
upgrade
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
if rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1; then
stop
start
fi
;;
force-reload|reload)
reload
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|upgrade|reload|status|help|configtest}"
RETVAL=2
esac
exit $RETVAL
#保存退出
[root@node4 init.d]# chmod +x nginx此时可以使用systemctl(centos7)或者service(centos6)来操作nginx了。若无法启动nginx，，可以尝试先将所有启动的nginx进程删掉，然后再重新启动。
[root@node4 ~]# systemctl restart nginx
[root@node4 ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root 23389 1 0 16:10 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx 23391 23389 0 16:10 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root 23393 2305 0 16:10 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx 配置文件的进程参数是auto，nginx启动后再输入地址测试访问。
[root@node4 ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#user nobody;
worker_processes auto;安装完毕，下一篇写缓存服务器配置及优化。